We simulate the landing movement during a jump in Alpine skiing. The jump was recorded by two synchronized high speed video cameras (180 Hz). In a kinematic analysis, the rotational angles of the body segments were determined as a function of time [1]. The skier is modeled as a 2-D musculo-skeletal model consisting of four rigid segments: trunk, thighs, shanks, skis and three ideal hinge joints: hip, knee, ankle. Eight muscle groups are included in the model. The mechanical behavior of each muscle for concentric and eccentric contraction was modeled as a three component Hill model. The equations of motion are assembled as a system of DAEs of index 3 and solved numerically. The results of the simulation are compared with the data of the kinematic analysis [2,3].

[1] W. Nachbauer et al.: A Video Technique for Obtaining 3-D Coordinates in Alpine Skiing. J. Appl. Biomech. 12, 104-115, 1996

[2] K.G.M. Gerritsen et al.: Computer simulation of landing movement in downhill skiing: anterior cruciate ligament injuries. J. Biomechanics 28, 661-668, 1996

[3] W. Nachbauer et al.: Computersimulation von Spruengen im alpinen Skilauf zur Berechnung von Kniegelenkskr„ften. To appear in Spectrum der Sportwissenschaften, 2000

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